四级语法冲刺模拟练习题：虚拟语气

1. But for the party, he ________ of hunger fifteen years ago.
A. would have died   B. would die  C. must have died   D. must die
2. I would have come earlier, but I ________ that you were waiting for me.
A. didn’t know   B. hadn’t know  C. would have known   D. haven’t known
3. The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students ________ two weeks to prepare for the exam.
A. give   B. should give  C. be given   D. would be given
4. Wang Ling, one of my friends, is very good at English. He speaks English as if he ________ an Englishman.
A. were   B. would be  C. have been   D. had been
5. We ________ our lives had it not been for the policeman.
A. would have lost   B. should lose  C. might lose   D. had lost
6. ________ more careful, his ship would not have sunk.
A. If the captain were     B. Had the captain been  
C. Should the captain be   D. If the captain would have been
7. Were it not for the snowy weather, we ________ all right.
A. would be  B. would have been  C. were   D. may be
8. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ________ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
A. wouldn’t have fallen   B. had not fallen  C. should fall   D. were to fall
9. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ________ a goal.
A. had scored   B. scored  C. would score   D. would have scored
10. How I wish every family ________ a large house with a beautiful garden!
A. has   B. had   C. will have   D. had had
 
答案解析
1. A. 因为but for (要不是因为、如果没有) 通常要与虚拟语气连用，由fifteen years ago可知，这是与过去事实相反的情况，所以选would have died。
2. A. 因为would come earlier是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，而后面分句表示的是事实：当时我的确不知道…所以用一般过去时，选A。
3. C. 因为that从句是suggestion的同位语，应当用“(should+) 动词原形”表示虚拟语气，又因the students与give是被动关系，所以选be given。
4. A. 因为Wang Ling是中国人的名字，显然不是英国人，所以as if从句的谓语要用与现在事实相反的情况，所以用were。
5. A. 因为had it not been for the policeman = if it had not been for the policeman (如果没有警察) ，显然是与过去事实相反的情况，主句中的谓语应是would have lost。
6. B. 因为由主句谓语可判断，表示的是与过去事实相反的情况，所以虚拟条件句中的谓语应用过去完成时，Had the captain been = If the captain had been。
7. A. 由于从句谓语为一般过去时，表示的是对现在的虚拟，故主句谓语用过去将来时，表示。Were it not for the snowy weather=If it were not for the snowy weather.
8. B。这是个错综时间虚拟条件句：主句与现在事实相反，条件句与过去事实相反。句意为“如果我不是在七岁时就迷上了Melinda Cox 图书馆，我真不能想象我如今会在做什么”。
9. D。本题考查目标与1996上海同。由otherwise和hesitated可知，这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词用 would+ have+ 过去分词构成
10. B。wish 后面宾语从句的谓语总是用过去时态。此题是表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时。句意为“我多么希望每个家庭都有座有一个漂亮花园的大房子啊!”